Lab

Build the maths yourself

Short lessons that build one idea at a time, like a lecture on a whiteboard, except you can drag the sliders and test every step. Each lesson keeps the key equations on the board as you go.

Harmonics, from scratch

Lesson 1

Sines and cosines

A point going round a shaft, traced over time: amplitude, frequency, phase, and why a sine plus a cosine is one shifted sine.

6 steps · interactive · calculator exercise
Lesson 2

Build a signal from harmonics

Why only whole multiples of running speed fit a repeating signal, and how sines and cosines add up to any shape.

7 steps · interactive · calculator exercise
Lesson 3

Why the even harmonics vanish

Shift a wave half a turn, flip it, and see why a symmetric wave has exactly zero 2X, 4X, 6X, and what breaks it.

9 steps · interactive · calculator exercise

Coming next

Signal processing

Sampling and the FFT

What the FFT actually computes from sampled data, and the two traps: leakage and aliasing.

In progress
Time–frequency

Wavelets for engineers

When a signal changes over time and one spectrum isn't enough.

Planned

Each lesson goes with a post in the harmonics series. The code for every board is plain JavaScript in this site's repository.